USA

In the United States, safeguarding systems for children and vulnerable adults are robust and governed by federal and state laws, with strong public awareness and enforcement mechanisms. Child protection is managed at the state level under mandatory reporting laws, supported by federal frameworks such as the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA). Schools, healthcare providers, and social workers are legally required to report suspected abuse or neglect. For adults, protections against domestic violence, elder abuse, and exploitation are provided through legislation such as the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) and various state-specific protective service laws. American students are generally familiar with institutional safeguarding procedures and often expect a transparent, rights-based approach. However, attitudes toward reporting personal issues can vary, and students may be selective about when and how they seek support—particularly if they are concerned about independence, autonomy, or confidentiality.

Mental health awareness in the U.S. is high, particularly among university-aged populations. Public campaigns, school-based services, and widespread discussion on social media have reduced stigma and encouraged students to seek help. However, despite the openness, barriers such as fear of being pathologised, insurance limitations back home, or over-reliance on self-diagnosis via online platforms can affect how students approach support services abroad. Many U.S. students are familiar with therapy and may have previous experience with counselling, but their expectations may include quick access, personalised care, and a collaborative approach. UK university professionals can support American students by offering accessible, student-driven mental health services, clearly outlining confidentiality policies and care options. Framing wellbeing support as part of holistic student success and offering both structured services (e.g., therapy) and informal resources (e.g., workshops, peer support, online tools) can match U.S. students’ expectations and promote early, positive engagement.